Earthwork to Asset,
One Workforce Pipeline.
The pyramid that anchors every civil lot.
Civil structural design reads from one apex code (EN 1990) through actions on structures (EN 1991) down to per-material codes (EN 1992–1999) — each with national-annex publication state per member state.
▲ Basis of design
- 1-1 General
- 1-2 Fire
- 1-3 Snow
- 1-4 Wind
- 1-5 Thermal
- 1-6 Construction
- 1-7 Accidental
▼ Per-material codes — National Annex applied per jurisdiction
Civil-Engineering Prime Cohort — Distinct from Hochbau
The buyer landscape is Tiefbau / Travaux Publics / VRD — civil-execution rather than building-execution. Named primes: Ludwig Pfeiffer Hoch- und Tiefbau, Wayss & Freytag Ingenieurbau, Implenia Bau, Strabag AG (Tiefbau division), Eiffage Génie Civil et Métallique, Bouygues TP Régions France, Colas Centre-Ouest, NCC AB (SE), Peab Anläggning (SE), Veidekke Anlegg (NO/SE), Sisk Civil Engineering (IE), Coffey Construction (IE), Jacobs Civil. Procurement posture is per-Strecke / per-Los across Strassenbau-Verwaltungen and Wasserstraßen-Neubauamt; per-département for FR Travaux Publics.
VOB/C ATV DIN 18299 ff. — Per-Trade Execution Baseline
VOB/C ATV DIN 18299 (Allgemeine Regelungen) sits over the Civil-Engineering ATV stack: DIN 18300 Erdarbeiten, DIN 18301 Bohrarbeiten, DIN 18305 Wasserhaltungsarbeiten, DIN 18313 Schlitzwandarbeiten, DIN 18316 Bituminöser Asphalt, DIN 18320 Landschaftsbauarbeiten. Per-trade execution norms govern workforce qualification — VOB-conform deployment requires the worker's competence proven against the specific ATV, not against a generic Bauhauptgewerbe baseline. SOKA-BAU at 20.2% Bruttolohn West applies; Mindestlohn-Bau LG1 (currently €13.50/h, lifted 1 April 2026 to LG2/LG3 step) is the wage floor.
Eurocode 7 Geotechnical + Eurocode 2 Concrete Execution
EC7 (EN 1997-1 + EN 1997-2 geotechnical design) governs the design-side; the execution-side draws on EN 1536 (Bohrpfähle), EN 1538 (Schlitzwände), EN 12063 (Spundwände), EN 14199 (Mikropfähle). EC2 / EN 1992 + EN 13670 (Ausführung Tragwerken aus Beton) cover concrete execution; CE-marking for precast concrete per EN 13369 + product standards. Workforce qualifications attach at the named execution standard, not at the trade card.
VRD + Strassenbau + Bridge-Erection Specialisation
VRD (Voirie et Réseaux Divers) — French linear-infrastructure assembly — runs through CACES R482 (engins de chantier), R483 (camions toupie), R486 (PEMP), R489 (chariots), with NF P 98-150 ff. (chaussées) anchoring the road-execution norms. Bridge-erection draws on EN 1993-2 (steel bridge), EN 1992-2 (concrete bridge), EN 1090 EXC3/EXC4 for the steelwork superstructure. Demolition and reconstruction of legacy structures runs through SS3/SS4 amiante in France; Bergbau-Folge-Sanierung VA-BKS VI in DE Braunkohle-Folgeflächen.
Cross-Border Mobilisation — VOB vs CCAG-Travaux vs AB04
Each jurisdiction's public-civil contracting regime governs different obligations: VOB/B (DE) vs CCAG-Travaux (FR) vs AB 04 / ABT 06 (SE) vs PSF Travaux Publics (Luxembourg) vs The Public Works Contracts (IE). The contracts differ on Nachträge / réclamations, defects-liability, retention. Workforce qualifications must align to the contracting regime — a worker qualified against VOB execution standards does not automatically meet FR CCAG-Travaux documentation. Pre-mobilisation cert-match is per-contracting-regime, not per-trade.
Civil-Engineering vs Hochbau (Buildings) Workforce Regime
The civil-execution regime layers VOB/C ATV per-trade norms + EC7 + EC2 + CACES heavy-plant + sectoral CBA wage. Hochbau screening does not transfer to Tiefbau.
| Conventional Agency | Bayswater | |
|---|---|---|
| Execution standard | VOB/C ATV DIN 18330 (Mauerarbeiten) — building-side | VOB/C ATV DIN 18299 ff. (Civil-side stack) — DIN 18300 Erdarbeiten / DIN 18301 Bohrarbeiten / DIN 18313 Schlitzwand / DIN 18316 Asphalt / DIN 18305 Wasserhaltung |
| Design baseline | EC1 (loads) + EC5 (timber) + national TR for buildings | EC7 (geotechnical) + EC2 / EN 13670 (concrete execution) + EC3 / EN 1993-2 (steel bridge) — execution-side norms govern workforce qualification per ATV |
| Wage Tarif | Bauhauptgewerbe Mindestlohn-Bau LG2/LG3 step 1 April 2026 | Same Mindestlohn-Bau scaffold + AVE-Bezug verified per execution standard + SOKA-BAU 20.2% Bruttolohn West |
| Heavy-plant cert | CSCS Black/Gold or VCA*/SCC at trade-card level | CACES R482 (engins de chantier) + R483 (camions toupie) + R486 (PEMP) + R489 (chariots) per-equipment category; DGUV 308-001 Geräteführer (DE) |
| Cross-border contract | Posted-worker A1 + sectoral CBA | VOB/B (DE) vs CCAG-Travaux (FR) vs AB 04 (SE) vs PSF Travaux Publics (LU) — workforce docs align to contracting regime, not to a generic posted-worker baseline |
| Buyer cohort | GU / general contractor + Bauelektrik / TGA sub-tier | Civil-engineering primes — Ludwig Pfeiffer, Wayss & Freytag, Implenia Bau, Strabag, Eiffage GC, Bouygues TP, Colas, NCC, Peab Anläggning, Veidekke, Sisk Civil |
| Procurement posture | Per-Bauvorhaben, per-Los | Per-Strecke / per-Streckenabschnitt for Strassenbau-Verwaltungen; per-département for FR Travaux Publics; framework-agreement architecture concentrates 60-80% of award volume into multi-year programmes |